Early Mathematics Performance Diagnostic
Deaf and hard of hearing (DHH) students are unique learners who access the world differently than hearing children, many utilizing a visual language, and therefore may develop, order and organize concepts differently than hearing children. Yet, they are often taught as if they are hearing children who simply cannot hear. The result is gaps in foundational mathematics concepts as early as preschool, with many graduating high school at only a 5th or 6th grade level in mathematics. The Early Mathematics Performance Diagnostic (EMPD), created by Dr. Claudia Pagliaro and Dr. Karen Kritzer, addresses these gaps.